微電子技術(shù)和大功率電力電子技術(shù)的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了伺服驅(qū)動(dòng)器,它采用數(shù)字信號(hào)處理器(DSP)作為控制核心,實(shí)現(xiàn)比較復(fù)雜的控制算法,達(dá)到數(shù)字化、智能化;其功率器件采用以智能功率模塊(IPM)為核心的驅(qū)動(dòng)電路,同時(shí)具有過(guò)電壓、過(guò)電流、過(guò)熱、欠壓等故障檢測(cè)保護(hù),在主回路中還加入軟啟動(dòng)電路,以減小啟動(dòng)過(guò)程中的浪涌電流對(duì)驅(qū)動(dòng)器的沖擊。伺服驅(qū)動(dòng)器的輸出電源是對(duì)交流三相或單相電進(jìn)行整流,得到相應(yīng)的直流電,通過(guò)正弦脈寬調(diào)制(SPWM)電壓型逆變器變頻來(lái)驅(qū)動(dòng)伺服電機(jī)。
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這樣伺服電機(jī)接受來(lái)自驅(qū)動(dòng)器輸出的脈沖,在脈沖寬度的時(shí)間段內(nèi),電機(jī)實(shí)現(xiàn)位移,一串這樣的脈沖就使得電機(jī)旋轉(zhuǎn)起來(lái),進(jìn)而驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)械負(fù)載。由于伺服驅(qū)動(dòng)器輸出電源采用了正弦脈寬調(diào)制技術(shù),這種技術(shù)的特點(diǎn)是輸出的脈沖串不等寬,它可以根據(jù)控制信號(hào)來(lái)產(chǎn)生脈寬。如此,伺服電機(jī)的移動(dòng)量就可以隨脈寬的可控特性來(lái)選擇、設(shè)定,靈活調(diào)整而未必變更硬件。換句話說(shuō),即使相同頻率的脈沖串,由于用戶對(duì)電機(jī)在其對(duì)應(yīng)的脈沖寬度內(nèi)移動(dòng)量的設(shè)定值不一樣,電機(jī)速度乃至負(fù)載側(cè)速度就會(huì)不一樣,它所起的作用與機(jī)械變速齒輪相似,但是卻不像機(jī)械變速齒輪那樣有形,于是有了個(gè)與機(jī)械對(duì)應(yīng)的說(shuō)法:“電子齒輪”。三菱電機(jī)自動(dòng)化有限公司這樣描述“電子齒輪”的作用:機(jī)械可以以任意倍率的輸入脈沖進(jìn)行移動(dòng)。
“電子齒輪”的結(jié)構(gòu)分析與實(shí)踐
伺服驅(qū)動(dòng)器生產(chǎn)商給出的“電子齒輪”的表達(dá)式為分?jǐn)?shù),其分子和分母分別被定義為兩個(gè)可以設(shè)定的用戶參數(shù):
Turck Proximity Sensor Ni8-M18-AP6X-H1141
Turck Proximity Sensor Bi1-GS880-AP6X
Turck Proximity Sensor Ni2-G08-AN6X-H1341
Turck Proximity Sensor Bi1-G08K-AN6X-V1131
Turck Proximity Sensor Bi1.5-EG08-AP6X-H1341
Turck Proximity Sensor Bi2U-M12-AN4X-H1141
Turck Proximity Sensor Ni8U-M12-AN4X-H1141
Turck Proximity Sensor Ni4-M12-VN6X-H1141
Turck Proximity Sensor BC5-Q08-AN6X2-V1131
Turck Proximity Sensor Bi1-G08K-AN6X-H1341
Turck Proximity Sensor Ni4-M12-AN6X-H1141
Turck Proximity Sensor Bi2-G08-AN6X-H1341
Turck Proximity Sensor Ni10-M18-YO-H1141
Turck Threaded Proximity Sensor Bi5U-M18-AN4X-H1141
Turck Proximity Sensor Bi5-G18-AN6X-B1441
Turck Proximity Sensor Bi10F-Q34-ADZ30X2-B1131/S34
Pepperl+Fuchs Proximity Sensor NJL5-8GM40-E-V1
Turck Proximity Sensor Ni25U-CK40-AN6X2-H1141
Turck Proximity Switch Bi10R-W30-DAN6X-H1141/F2
Turck Proximity Switch Bi10R-W30-DAN6X-H1141
Cutler Hammer Proximity Switch E57LAL12T110
New IFM Efector Proximity Sensor II5829
IFM Efector Inductive Proximity Sensor II5859
New IFM Efector Inductive Proximity Sensor II5859IC695ETM001
JACP-921900 CP-9200SH/SVA
MMC-BDP081PNA
MMS6312
MX-CS101-401
PCD2.M110
PCD4.M120
PCI-6111
PCI-6224
PCI-6509
RDC2
SG2K-1T
SST-PFB-CLX
TI435-CPU
DSSR122 48990001-NK
1747-L543
CP60
FBM201
FBM206
FBM217
FBM231
FBM237
PF3S-BP13
PF3S-PSA1
底盤(pán)
IFM Efector Inductive Proximity Sensor ID8505
Turck Ni8U-M12-AN6X-H1141 Proximity Sensor 10-30VDC 8mm Range
New Pepperl+Fuchs Inductive Sensor NJ2-C-US-1.025-V93
Synatel Proximity Switch 12mm PU1TZ
New IFM Efector Inductive Sensor IG5952
New Pulsotronic Proximity Sensor 9853-3131
New Warner Electric Inductive Prox Sensor 650-2399-003